Instituto Superior de Formação Humanística - UCPel e-ISSN: 2764-7765 ISSN-L: 1677-4043
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A Constituição Dogmática Dei Verbum e o Concílio Vaticano II
Dei Verbum is situated in near and immediate context up to Vatican II. In the 19th and 20th centuries, there were advances and restrictions on the part of the magisterial documents and theology in the main aspects addressed in the Document. The complexity of the issues addressed and the heated debate among the Council Fathers, with the advice of the most eminent theologians, are described until the final text was reached. The main themes and questions that remain open are listed and briefly analyzed. Dei Verbum has a unique character that fermented the entire Second Vatican Council. Today, Dei Verbum has been taken up again in the Synod of 2008 and the corresponding exhortation of Pope Benedict XVI. Recently, the Dogmatic Constitution has been re-proposed and situated in the context present in the Notebooks of the Council in preparation for the Jubilee Year of 2025. Increasingly, the Word is at the center of theology and the mission of the Church. Not everything was resolved, but the path was largely opened and established in research, teaching, mission and pastoral work.
For Peter Abelard, sin is the contempt for God and the consent to evil. Considering the work Scito te Ipsum in its entirety, it is observed that it addresses the concepts of sin, intention, consent, and will. These concepts underpin and justify human actions. This issue led Abelard to reflect on the morality of reconciliation, which requires repentance, confession, and satisfaction. The philosopher positively qualifies repentance out of love for God. From this perspective, he distinguishes between a type of repentance driven by shame before society and another that is sincere. Intentionality is also involved in this matter because a fruitful penitence is one carried out with good intention, making repentance effective. Thus, since sin is the contempt for God that arises from consent, man can, through penitence, reconcile himself with his Creator.
Os três estádios da existência em Kierkegaard
The aim of this article is to present the three stages of life conceived by the danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard, respectively the Aesthetic Stage, the Ethical Stage and the Religious Stage. Considering that in Kierkegaard is the concrete individual who “assumes” these forms of existence, the first part of this work is a presentation of the individual in the kierkegaardian thought, who is inherently anguished. It is by the anguish that the individual can transition between the stages, doing what the author calls a leap. By seeking to escape anguish, and by not living an authentic life, the individual is affected by despair, the sickness unto death. In the second part of the study, differentiates the three stages. The Aesthetic Stage, characterized by the search of pleasure; the Ethical Stage, where although the individual is fitted into a “universal” standard, they have found the richness of being what they want to be; And finally, the Religious Stage, where a leap ad absurdum occurs to believe in the impossible. The work concludes showing that only the religious individual has the capacity to win the despair.
Notas sobre a Antropologia Filosófica de Max Scheler
This article presents Max Scheler’s proposal for philosophical anthropology, focusing on the essential distinction between biopsychic life and the dimension of the Spirit (Geist). Based on the text The Human Place in the Cosmos, it investigates how the author seeks to overcome the fragmentation of historical conceptions through a phenomenological unity. The gradation of the levels of life is highlighted, starting from the affective impulse and passing through instinct and associative memory, up to practical intelligence, with the intent of demonstrating that the human distinctiveness is not merely a matter of evolutionary degree, but of essence. The conclusion explains that the human person is defined by three distinct forms: the capacity to objectify the world, autonomy from organic impulses, and the search for transcendence.
A estrutura da obra Scito te Ipsum de Pedro Abelardo
The objective of this work is to present the structure of the work Scito te Ipsum by Peter Abelard. This philosopher had a great influence in the 12th century, especially in the field of education. The work Scito te Ipsum is divided into two books: the first deals with vices and sin, while the second addresses virtues. This ethical work consists of 26 chapters subdivided into sections. Abelard wrote it with the intention of deepening the discussion on morality from a Christian perspective. However, he faced strong opposition from Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, who instigated the condemnation of his alleged heresies by the Church. In general, considering Abelard’s academic trajectory, the role of ratio (Logic, Dialectic) in Scito te Ipsum, and the fundamental principles of his work, this study seeks to explore solutions to the problem of sin.
O horizonte da graça na dimensão presbiteral
The focus of this article is to approach the horizon of Grace in the priestly dimension in the light of Patristic Theology. We take into account that the theme of Grace has developed as it has been understood in relation to God’s action in creation and history. However, with the advent of the Incarnation and the emergence of the Church, theological elaborations on divine grace were gaining more and more ground in theology. And among the many theological divergences on the question of grace, we will offer a vision of the Church fathers, in the fight against heresies that questioned the role of grace.
Concepções filosóficas de homem na obra de Max Scheler
This paper analyzes the anthropological conceptions listed in the work of Max Scheler, investigating how the author rethinks the historical definitions of man. The study explores five main views: the Judeo-Christian (Imago Dei), the Greek (Homo sapiens), the modern (Homo faber), the view of the deserting man (Homo dionysiacus), and that of the superman (Homo creator). Scheler identifies a fragmentation in these views, which, despite having shaped Western thought, prove insufficient to explain the unity and essence of the contemporary human person, serving only as a methodological basis for the foundation of his own anthropology.
This paper aims to present the historical-philosophical context of the emergence of the University of Paris in the 12th century. During this period, Abelard took over the School of the Cathedral of Notre Dame. Which served as the original source for the birth of the University of Paris. The medieval university emerged as a corporate association characterized by the disputatio, where professors debated among themselves or with students. With the establishment of this institution and its characteristics, it became possible to observe its activity based on the liberal arts, which were part of the second level of studies in the Palatine School organized by Alcuin of York. The relevance of dialectics as an autonomous science demonstrates that the University of Paris was a place for the production and preservation of knowledge in the medieval period.
The article approaches the Theology of Grace from Sacred Scripture in the light of bibliographical research. The intention is to go through the itinerary of the elaboration of the theology on divine grace, its relationship with nature and freedom, seeking to understand the gracious action of God in creation, as well as in the election of the people of Israel, where God manifests his grace and mercy acting in their favor. The term cháris in the New Testament finds its relevance in the grace lived in the community of the Apostles.
Considerações sobre o problema do gosto em Kant
Taking into consideration the current aesthetic relativism, this lecture presents contributions from Kant’s theory of aesthetic intersubjectivity to the problem of the validity of the judgment of taste. For this, it contextualizes the Kantian intersubjectivism proposed in the Third Critique within aesthetics, exposes notions about its contents and a priori grounds, and raises challenging questions for its reception in the present day.
O Curso de Filosofia da Universidade Católica de Pelotas
The purpose of this text is to outline the historical development of the founding of the Philosophy course at the Catholic University of Pelotas, which turned 70 in 2023. This idea came from the dream of Dom Antônio Zattera, because it was urgent and necessary to create a Catholic University in Pelotas and higher education courses throughout the diocese. This gave birth to law courses in Bagé and Rio Grande, business courses in São Gabriel and Camaquã, and a history course in Jaguarão. It was essential to have a strong, critical education that made room for teaching that also allowed Christian evangelization to be understood and accepted from a critical viewpoint. This is how the University’s Philosophy, Science and Letters course was born in 1953.
Cursos de Filosofia no Rio Grande do Sul
The research “Philosophy Courses in Rio Grande do Sul: Memories and Interdisciplinarity” aims to present a brief historical overview of the characteristics of more than a dozen Philosophy Courses that worked and others that have already been extinguished. What is the political-pedagogical project that can be inferred from the objectives of the Courses? It can be found, initially, by explaining the method of teaching the perspective of learning the method of philosophizing. Then, there is the incentive to philosophical research, that is, teaching by researching. In this sense, the curricular organization articulates a pedagogical strategy. Finally, the philosophical act of the courses is organically inserted in the public space. This makes Philosophy relevant in society.
Inaugural lecture delivered at the solemn session of the establishment of the Catholic College of Philosophy of Pelotas on April 27, 1953.
Apresentação - Especial 70 anos do curso de Filosofia
The aim of this work is to offer a theological perspective that allows, on the one hand, a deeper understanding of the problem of the communication of bad news and to propose possible criteria that allow communication to be configured within parameters that safeguard the dignity of the human person, understood as the centre of the medical and nursing profession. To this end, the work is divided into three parts. First, we will define some basic concepts such as bad news and distinguish between information and communication. Secondly, we will try to recognize the paradigms from which our subject has been oriented and is intended to be oriented, and how the dignity of the human person is implied in this. Thirdly, we propose the concept of vulnerability as a possible way of understanding the issue, from a theological perspective that seeks dialogue with ethics and health.
The objective is to present some predictions about the conception of pedagogy outlined in the thought of the German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724- 1804), focusing exclusively on the introductory part of the work On Education. For Kant, the main purpose of education is to develop human nature with a view to the progress of humanity. The human being is born as one of the most resistant animals, so he needs to be careful and be under the guardianship of another at the beginning of his life. But it also has the potential for morality, which needs to be stimulated in order to emerge. In this sense, education presents itself as a condition of possibility for the humanization of the human being. As human nature, by itself, does not have sufficient conditions to carry out such a task, education appears as an ideal project capable of leading humanity to a stage of perfectibility.
The current article aims to present the philosophical vision of Auguste Comte, the founder of positivism, about history and science, reconciling both in the formation of a logical, philosophical and political system, with the aim of reorganizing society on new bases. For this, we delve deeply into the author’s influences, as well as we seek to analyze in detail, despite critically, the formulations about the law of three stages, the law of progress and its relationship with order, its conception of knowledge, the classifi cation of the sciences and its Social Physics, which embody this important and relevant philosophical conception.
Breves considerações sobre os rituais fúnebres e o processo de luto
The intent of the article is to present a brief introduction about cultural heritage and religious tradition (Christian) with regard to funeral rituals and mourning processes.
A relação entre a Teologia da Libertação e o Magistério da Igreja no pontificado de João Paulo II
Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar de forma sintética a relação entre a Teologia da Libertação e o Magistério da Igreja no pontificado de João Paulo II. Para tanto se utilizará de dois documentos da Congregação para a Doutrina da Fé: Instruções sobre alguns aspectos da Teologia da Libertação e Instruções sobre a liberdade cristã e a libertação. O desencontro entre Magistério e Teologia da Libertação se dá pelo fato daquele perceber nesta o uso de elementos não cristãos pela mesma, haja vista que o método marxista serviu como instrumento de análise social para a Teologia da Libertação. A principal ressalva é que além de ser estranho ao cristianismo o uso de tal método pode levar a violência devido à luta de classes. Não obstante os desencontros, a Teologia da Libertação amadureceu e continua permeando as reflexões teológicas e pastorais na América latina, principalmente com o método Ver-Julgar-Agir.
Teologia Prática desde uma perspectiva Latino-Americana e Caribenha
The aim of this essay is to enable a reflection from Brazil and Latin America in the light of Christian theology that needs to assume the challenges that emerge from life, from the reality of people and our societies, permanently threatened by violence, inequalities in all senses and by constant threats to the democratic system. Thus, we understand that our reflection and our faith journey must not be seen in an individualistic way, alienated from human dramas and from the environment itself, nowadays extremely threatened by the projects of big companies and even of governments and their strategic plans. Theology among us is not limited to debates within our churches. If we listen to the Gospel of Jesus and take it seriously in our life and faith, it must assume the pains of the world and of our people, as we sing in the Kyrie - Have mercy, Lord!
De-Colonizar o dualismo Natureza-Cultura
The article intends to consider Latin American Theology specifically in its relationship with decolonial thought. To this end, it intends to explore the fundamental epistemological and anthropological framework of the colonial perspective within the scope of the development of a certain thought of modernity, which originated binary counterpositions with colonialist effects, whether in Europe's relationship with the rest of the world, or within all relationships of humans with the non-human world. For the exploration of this path, Bruno Latour's proposals are closely followed, either in the sense of a symmetrical anthropology, or in the sense of a re-animation of the planet, overcoming the dualism between subject and object. This proposal could inspire a general thought, also theological, that recovers non-colonial ways of relating humans to the world and humans to each other.
Algumas tendências teológicas na América Latina
The article intends to present, in a synthetic way, some of the trends of theology in Latin America. It chooses a path that combines history and some of the covered topics. It is not intended to be exhaustive, especial­ ly with regard to the current scenario. From a historical point of view, Liberation Theology and the option for the poor occupy a prominent place. This also determines the remaining topics covered, namely the matter of the place of women in theology, the relationship with Earth in the context of an ecological theology, and the relationship with both the cultural and religious origins of the Latin American population. By way of conclusion, the path followed by the decolonial perspective is pointed out, a path which seeks to explore the theological effect of the so­called epistemologies of the South.
The present article, by way of essay, values the intercultural experience of the Andean Christians, understood as a manifestation of their own Spirit. The text is inserted into the indigenous theological journey in the Andean context. It values the experience, the categories proper to the culture mentioned, the theological production of autochthonous authors and inserted into reality, in search of an inculturated pneumatological synthesis.
A Teologia Latino-Americana desafiada a reprojetar-se
Based on seven main aspects that characterize Latin-american theology, it seeks to identify the new questions arising from the new context in which we live, especially for its epistemology and method. These are challenges that lead to a necessary re-projection of a way of doing theology, a condition for continuing to feed back into the praxis of ecclesial communities prophetically inserted in a society undergoing profound transformations. In the context of the crisis of the modern civilizational project, it is not only Latin-american theology that is in crisis, but theology itself, participants in a crisis of technical-instrumental reason, characteristic of modern reason, challenged to broaden its horizons, to be able to embrace the new realities and emerging values.
Fora dos pobres, não há Teologia Latino-americana
This brief essay aims to expose some reflections on the social question, seen in the debate about poverty and its consequences for Latin American theology. It also seeks to problematize in the light of the official documents of the Church what is understood and intended by "salvation" from Latin American theologians who make contributions to the theme of the poor and of salvation, poverty and liberation in their socio-political and religious commitments. It is worth, within this horizon, to delineate what relations exist between misery and poverty and their implications in the Latin American theological debate. We understand that the two concepts (poverty and misery) carry different connotations from a sociological and theological point of view, but they can be dialectically reflected upon.
The article intends to present the reasons that justify the sanctity of the indigenous Guarani Tiaraju, popularly known as "Sepé Tiaraju". To do so, it uses the complexity of the context of the time, having as a criterion for interpretation the ethical posture in the face of his responsibilities and the price of his defense of the missionary cities, his death in combat. The article places the figure of Tiaraju in the complex and conflictive history of Rio Grande do Sul, and emphasizes the importance, especially for the Catholic Church, of the recognition of his holiness in terms of dignity to the people who keep his memory, the mixed-race people who have much of indigenous heritage, as well as for better treatment of the gaucho culture, overcoming conflicts that may it become a real "model for all the Earth" (Rio Grande do Sul hymn).